1.Imiterere yimiti:
Acide ya formike (HCOOH): Ni aside ya karubike yoroshye ifite imiti ya HCOOH.Igizwe na carboxyl group (COOH), aho hydrogène ifatanye na karubone naho indi ogisijeni ikora isano ya kabiri na karubone.
Sodium ikora (HCCONa): Numunyu wa sodium wa acide formique.Hydrogène ya karubone muri aside irike isimburwa na sodium ion, ikora sodium.
2. Imiterere yumubiri:
Acide isanzwe:
Ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, aside irike ni amazi atagira ibara afite impumuro nziza.
Aho itetse ni dogere selisiyusi 100.8.
Acide ya formique ntishobora kuboneka namazi hamwe numuti mwinshi.
Sodium ikora:
Ububiko bwa Sodium busanzwe buza muburyo bwifu ya hygroscopique.
Irashobora gushonga mumazi ariko ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukemuka mumashanyarazi amwe.
Bitewe na ionic kamere, iyi compound ifite aho ishonga cyane ugereranije na acide formique.
3. Acide cyangwa alkaline:
Acide isanzwe:
Acide formique ni aside idakomeye ishobora gutanga proton (H +) mubitekerezo byimiti.
Sodium ikora:
Sodium ikora ni umunyu ukomoka kuri aside irike;ntabwo ari aside.Mu gisubizo cyamazi, ibora mo sodium ion (Na +) ikora ion (HCOO-).
4. Intego:
Acide isanzwe:
Bikunze gukoreshwa mugukora uruhu, imyenda n'amabara.
Acide formic nikintu cyingenzi mugutunganya uruhu rwinyamanswa nimpu mu nganda zimpu.
Ikoreshwa nkumukozi ugabanya no kubungabunga inganda zimwe.
Mu buhinzi, ikoreshwa nk'inyongera y'ibiryo kugirango ibuze imikurire ya bagiteri zimwe na zimwe.
Sodium ikora:
Sodium ikora ikoreshwa nka de-icing agent kumihanda no kumuhanda.
Ikoreshwa nkigabanya umukozi mubikorwa byo gucapa no gusiga amarangi.
Uru ruganda rukoreshwa mu gucukura ibyondo mu nganda za peteroli na gaze.
Sodium ikora ikoreshwa nka buffering mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe byinganda.
5. Umusaruro:
Acide isanzwe:
Acide formique ikorwa na catalitike hydrogenation ya karuboni ya dioxyde de carbone cyangwa reaction ya methanol hamwe na monoxyde de carbone.
Inzira zinganda zirimo gukoresha catalizator hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nigitutu.
Sodium ikora:
Sodium isanzwe ikorwa muguhindura aside aside hamwe na hydroxide ya sodium.
Ifumbire ya sodium ivamo irashobora gutandukanywa na kristu cyangwa kuboneka muburyo bwo gukemura.
6. Kwirinda umutekano:
Acide isanzwe:
Acide ya forme irashobora kwangirika kandi irashobora gutera inkongi y'umuriro.
Guhumeka umwuka wacyo birashobora gutera uburakari sisitemu yubuhumekero.
Sodium ikora:
Nubwo ubusanzwe sodium ifatwa nkibishobora guteza akaga aside irike, gufata neza no kubika neza biracyakenewe gufatwa.
Amabwiriza yumutekano agomba gukurikizwa mugihe ukoresheje sodium kugirango wirinde ingaruka zubuzima.
7. Ingaruka ku bidukikije:
Acide isanzwe:
Acide formique irashobora kubora biodegrade mubihe bimwe.
Ingaruka zayo kubidukikije ziterwa nibintu nko kwibanda hamwe nigihe cyo kwerekana.
Sodium ikora:
Sodium ikora mubisanzwe ifatwa nkibidukikije kandi ifite ingaruka nkeya kurenza izindi de-icers.
8. Igiciro no Kuboneka:
Acide isanzwe:
Igiciro cya aside irike irashobora gutandukana bitewe nuburyo bwo gukora nubuziranenge.
Irashobora kugurwa kubatanga ibintu bitandukanye.
Sodium ikora:
Sodium ikora igiciro cyapiganwa kandi itangwa ryayo riterwa nibisabwa ninganda zitandukanye.
Itegurwa no gutesha aside aside na hydroxide ya sodium.
Acide formique na sodium ikora nibintu bitandukanye hamwe nibintu bitandukanye hamwe nibisabwa.Acide ya forme ni aside idakoreshwa ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, kuva mubikorwa byinganda kugeza mubuhinzi, mugihe sodium ikora, umunyu wa sodium ya acide formique, ikoreshwa mubice nka de-icing, imyenda ninganda za peteroli na gaze.Gusobanukirwa imitungo yabo ningirakamaro mugukoresha neza no gukoresha neza mubice bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-06-2023