Methylcellulose (MC)
Inzira ya molekile ya methylcellulose (MC) ni:
[C6H7O2 (OH) 3-h (OCH3) n \] x
Igikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro ni ugukora selulose ether binyuze murukurikirane rwibisubizo nyuma yipamba itunganijwe ivuwe na alkali, na methyl chloride ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bya etherification.Mubisanzwe, urwego rwo gusimburwa ni 1.6 ~ 2.0, kandi gukemura nabyo biratandukanye hamwe nimpamyabumenyi zitandukanye.Nibya non-ionic selulose ether.
Methylcellulose irashonga mumazi akonje, kandi bizagorana gushonga mumazi ashyushye.Igisubizo cyamazi cyacyo kirahagaze neza murwego rwa pH = 3 ~ 12.
Ifite guhuza neza na krahisi, guar gum, nibindi byinshi na surfactants.Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku bushyuhe bwa gelation, gelation iba.
Kugumana amazi ya methylcellulose biterwa nubwinshi bwiyongereye, ubukonje, ubwiza bwikigereranyo nigipimo cyayo.
Mubisanzwe, niba umubare wongeyeho ari munini, ubwiza ni buto, kandi ubwiza ni bunini, igipimo cyo gufata amazi ni kinini.Muri byo, ingano y’inyongera igira ingaruka zikomeye ku kigero cyo gufata amazi, kandi urwego rw’ubukonje ntiruhwanye neza n’urwego rwo gufata amazi.Igipimo cyo guseswa ahanini biterwa nurwego rwo guhindura isura ya selile na selile nziza.
Muri ethers ya selile yavuzwe haruguru, methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose bifite igipimo kinini cyo gufata amazi.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Carboxymethyl selulose, izwi kandi nka sodium carboxymethyl selulose, ikunze kwitwa selulose, cmc, nibindi, ni polymer ya anionic polymer, umunyu wa sodium wa karubasi ya selile, kandi ushobora kuvugururwa kandi nturangira.Ibikoresho fatizo bya shimi.
Ikoreshwa cyane cyane munganda zogosha, inganda zibiribwa hamwe namavuta yo gucukura amavuta, kandi amafaranga akoreshwa mumavuta yo kwisiga agera kuri 1% gusa.
Ionic selulose ether ikozwe muri fibre naturel (ipamba, nibindi) nyuma yo kuvura alkali, ukoresheje sodium monochloroacetate nka agent ya etherification, kandi ikavurwa muburyo butandukanye.
Urwego rwo gusimburwa muri rusange ni 0.4 ~ 1.4, kandi imikorere yarwo igira ingaruka cyane kurwego rwo gusimburwa.
CMC ifite ubushobozi buhebuje bwo guhuza, kandi igisubizo cyayo cyamazi gifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo guhagarika, ariko nta gaciro keza ka plastike.
Iyo CMC isheshwe, depolymerisation ibaho.Ubukonje butangira kuzamuka mugihe cyo gusesa, bukanyura hejuru, hanyuma bukamanuka mukibaya.Ubukonje buvuyemo bufitanye isano na depolymerisation.
Urwego rwa depolymerisation rufitanye isano rya hafi nubunini buke (amazi) muburyo bwo gukora.Muri sisitemu idahwitse, nka menyo yinyo irimo glycerine namazi, CMC ntizigera yangiza kandi izagera aho iringaniye.
Kubireba amazi yatanzwe, hydrophilique nyinshi yasimbuwe cyane CMC byoroshye gucika intege kuruta CMC yasimbuwe.
Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)
HEC ikorwa mugutunganya ipamba inoze hamwe na alkali, hanyuma igakora na okiside ya Ethylene nka agent ya etherification imbere ya acetone.Urwego rwo gusimburwa muri rusange ni 1.5 ~ 2.0.Ifite hydrophilicity ikomeye kandi byoroshye gukuramo ubuhehere.
Hydroxyethyl selulose irashobora gushonga mumazi akonje, ariko biragoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye.Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye mubushyuhe bwo hejuru nta geli.
Irahagaze kuri acide isanzwe.Alkalis irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ikongerera gato ububobere bwayo.Ikwirakwizwa ryayo mumazi ni mabi cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose.
Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC)
Inzira ya molekuline ya HPMC ni:
\ [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-mn (OCH3) m, OCH2CH (OH) CH3 \] n \] x
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ni selile ya selile itanga umusaruro nogukoresha byiyongera vuba.
Ni selile idafite ionic ivanze ya ether ikozwe mu ipamba itunganijwe nyuma ya alkalisation, ukoresheje okiside ya propylene na methyl chloride nka agent ya etherification, binyuze mubisubizo.Urwego rwo gusimbuza muri rusange ni 1.2 ~ 2.0.
Imiterere yacyo iratandukanye bitewe numubare utandukanye wibintu bya mikorobe na hydroxypropyl.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi akonje, ariko izahura ningorane zo gushonga mumazi ashyushye.Ariko ubushyuhe bwacyo bwo mumazi ashyushye buri hejuru cyane ugereranije na methyl selile.Ubushyuhe bwo mumazi akonje nabwo buratera imbere cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose.
Ubukonje bwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bufitanye isano nuburemere bwa molekile, kandi uko uburemere bwa molekile nini, niko ubwiza bwiyongera.Ubushyuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku bwenge bwabwo, uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, ubukonje bugabanuka.Nyamara, ubukonje bwacyo bwinshi bugira ingaruka zubushyuhe buke kuruta methyl selile.Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye iyo kibitswe mubushyuhe bwicyumba.
Kugumana amazi ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose biterwa nubunini bwiyongereye, ubwiza, nibindi, kandi igipimo cyayo cyo gufata amazi kumafaranga yiyongereyeho kiri hejuru ya methyl selile.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihamye kuri aside na alkali, kandi igisubizo cyayo cyamazi kirahagaze neza murwego rwa pH = 2 ~ 12.Soda ya Caustic n'amazi ya lime ntacyo bihindura mubikorwa byayo, ariko alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ikongera ububobere bwayo.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihagaze neza kumunyu usanzwe, ariko iyo ubunini bwumuti wumunyu mwinshi, ubwiza bwumuti wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bikunda kwiyongera.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose irashobora kuvangwa namazi ya elegitoronike ya polymer kugirango ibe igisubizo kimwe kandi kinini.Nka alcool ya polyvinyl, ibinyamisogwe ether, amase y'imboga, nibindi.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya enzyme kurusha methylcellulose, kandi igisubizo cyacyo ntigishobora kwangirika cyane kuruta methylcellulose
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-14-2023