Ifu yumye yumye ni polymer yumye ivanze cyangwa ifu yumye yateguwe.Nubwoko bwa sima na gypsumu nkibikoresho nyamukuru.Ukurikije imikorere yinyubako itandukanye isabwa, ifu yumye yubaka hamwe ninyongeramusaruro byongewe kumurongo runaka.Nibikoresho byubaka minisiteri bishobora kuvangwa neza, bikajyanwa ahazubakwa mumifuka cyangwa mubwinshi, kandi birashobora gukoreshwa nyuma yo kongeramo amazi.
Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe byumye byumye birimo ifu yumye yumye, ifu yumye yometseho urukuta, ifu yumye yumye, ifu yumye ya beto, nibindi.
Ifu yumye yumye muri rusange ifite byibuze ibice bitatu: guhuza, guteranya, hamwe ninyongera.
Ibikoresho bitarimo ifu yumye:
1. Ibikoresho byo guhuza Mortar
(1) Ibimera bidafatika:
Ibikoresho bidafite umubiri birimo sima isanzwe ya Portland, sima ya alumina yo hejuru, sima idasanzwe, gypsumu, anhydrite, nibindi.
(2) Ibikoresho bifatika:
Ibimera bifatika bivuga cyane cyane ifu ya latx isubirwamo, ikaba ari ifu ya polymer yakozwe no gukama neza spray (no guhitamo inyongeramusaruro ikwiye) ya emulioni ya polymer.Ifu yumye ya polymer namazi bihinduka emulion.Irashobora kongera kubura umwuma, kuburyo ibice bya polymer bigize imiterere yumubiri wa polymer mumabuye ya sima, bisa nkibikorwa bya polymer emulion, kandi bigira uruhare muguhindura sima.
Ukurikije ibipimo bitandukanye, guhindura ifu yumye yumye hamwe nifu ya polymer isubirwamo irashobora kunoza imbaraga zo guhuza hamwe nubutaka butandukanye, kandi bigatezimbere guhinduka, guhindagurika, imbaraga zunama no kwambara birwanya minisiteri, gukomera, guhuzagurika nubucucike kimwe no gufata amazi. ubushobozi no kubaka.
Ifu ya redispersible latex ya pompe yumye ivanze cyane harimo ubwoko bukurikira: ① styrene-butadiene copolymer;② styrene-acrylic aside copolymer;③ vinyl acetate copolymer;④ polyacrylate homopolymer;Y Styrene Acetate Copolymer;⑥ Vinyl Acetate-Ethylene Copolymer.
2. Igiteranyo:
Igiteranyo kigabanijwemo igiteranyo cyuzuye kandi cyiza.Kimwe mu bikoresho nyamukuru bigize beto.Cyakora cyane nka skeleton kandi igabanya ihinduka ryijwi ryatewe no kugabanuka no kubyimba ibikoresho bya sima mugihe cyo gushiraho no gukomera, kandi ikoreshwa kandi nkuzuza ibintu bihendutse kubintu bya sima.Hano haribintu bisanzwe hamwe nibihimbano, ibyambere nka kaburimbo, amabuye, pumice, umucanga karemano, nibindi.;ibya nyuma nka cinder, slag, ceramsite, yagutse perlite, nibindi.
3. Inyongera ya Mortar
(1) Cellulose ether:
Muri minisiteri yumye, ingano ya selile ya ether iri hasi cyane (muri rusange 0,02% -0.7%), ariko irashobora kunoza imikorere yimyunyu ngugu, kandi ninyongera nyamukuru igira ingaruka kumyubakire ya minisiteri.
Mu ifu yumye yumye, kubera ko ionic selulose idahindagurika imbere ya calcium ion, ntabwo ikoreshwa gake mubicuruzwa byifu byumye bikoresha sima, lime yamenetse, nibindi nkibikoresho bya sima.Hydroxyethyl selulose nayo ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byifu byumye, ariko umugabane ni muto cyane.
Ethers ya selile ikoreshwa mubutaka bwumye ni hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC), bita MC.
Ibiranga MC: Kwizirika hamwe nubwubatsi nibintu bibiri bigira ingaruka;kubika amazi, kugirango wirinde guhumeka vuba kwamazi, kugirango ubunini bwurwego rwa minisiteri bugabanuke cyane.
(2) anti-crack fibre
Ntabwo ari igihangano cyabantu ba kijyambere kuvanga fibre muri minisiteri nkibikoresho byo kurwanya anti-crack.Mu bihe bya kera, abakurambere bacu bakoresheje fibre karemano nkibikoresho byo gushimangira bimwe mubihuza bidafite ingufu, nko kuvanga fibre yibihingwa na minisiteri yubaka kubaka insengero n’amazu, gukoresha ubudodo bwa hemp nicyondo kugirango bashushanye ibishushanyo bya Buda, bakoresha ibyatsi by ingano hamwe n’ibyondo byumuhondo. kubaka amazu, gukoresha umusatsi wabantu ninyamaswa kugirango usane amashyiga, ukoreshe fibre fibre, lime, na gypsum kugirango ushushanye inkuta kandi ukore ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya gypsumu, nibindi utegereze.Ongeramo fibre mubikoresho fatizo bya sima kugirango fibre ikomezwe na sima ishingiye kubintu ni ikibazo cyimyaka mirongo ishize.
Ibicuruzwa bya sima, ibice cyangwa inyubako byanze bikunze bizana microcrake nyinshi bitewe nihinduka rya microstructure nubunini mugihe cyo gukomera kwa sima, kandi bizaguka hamwe nimpinduka zo kugabanuka kwumye, ihinduka ryubushyuhe, hamwe nuburemere bwo hanze.Iyo ikorewe imbaraga zo hanze, fibre igira uruhare mukugabanya no kubuza kwaguka kwa micro-crack.Fibre iranyuze hamwe na isotropic, kumara no kugabanya imihangayiko, birinda iterambere ryimbere, kandi bigira uruhare mukuziba ibice.
Kwiyongera kwa fibre birashobora gutuma minisiteri ivanze yumye ifite ubuziranenge, imikorere ihanitse, imbaraga nyinshi, irwanya gukomeretsa, kudahinduka, kurwanya guturika, kurwanya ingaruka, kurwanya ubukonje, kwangirika, kurwanya gusaza nibindi bikorwa.
(3) Umukozi ugabanya amazi
Kugabanya amazi ni ibintu bifatika bishobora kugabanya kuvanga amazi mugihe hagumye kugabanuka kwa beto ahanini bidahindutse.Byinshi muribi ni anionic surfactants, nka lignosulfonate, naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde polymer, nibindi. Nyuma yo kongerwamo imvange ya beto, irashobora gukwirakwiza uduce twa sima, kunoza imikorere yayo, kugabanya ikoreshwa ryamazi yikintu, kunoza amazi yimvange ya beto;cyangwa kugabanya ikoreshwa rya sima hamwe no kuzigama sima.
Ukurikije kugabanya amazi no gushimangira ubushobozi bwo kugabanya amazi, bigabanyijemo ibintu bisanzwe bigabanya amazi (bizwi kandi nka plasitike, igipimo cyo kugabanya amazi ntikiri munsi ya 8%, gihagarariwe na lignosulfonate), kigabanya amazi meza cyane . aside Ihagarariwe na superplasticizer), kandi igabanijwemo ubwoko bwimbaraga kare, ubwoko busanzwe nubwoko bwadindije.
Ukurikije imiti y’imiti, ubusanzwe igabanyijemo: superplasticizers ishingiye kuri lignosulfonate, superplasticizers ishingiye kuri naphthalene, superplasticizers ishingiye kuri melamine, sulfamate ishingiye kuri superplasticizers, hamwe na aside irike ishingiye kuri superplasticizers.Ibikoresho byamazi, polycarboxylate ishingiye kuri superplasticizers.
Gukoresha ibikoresho bigabanya amazi mumashanyarazi yumye bifite ibintu bikurikira: sima yo kwisuzumisha, gypsumu yo kwisuzumisha, minisiteri yo guhomesha, minisiteri itagira amazi, putty, nibindi.
Guhitamo ibikoresho bigabanya amazi bigomba gutoranywa ukurikije ibikoresho fatizo bitandukanye na minisiteri itandukanye.
(4) Ether
Etarike ya etarike ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi bwa minisiteri yubwubatsi, bushobora kugira ingaruka kumurongo wa minisiteri ishingiye kuri gypsumu, sima na lime, kandi igahindura imyubakire hamwe na sag irwanya minisiteri.Ubusanzwe ibinyamisogwe bikoreshwa bifatanije na selile ya selile idahinduwe kandi ihinduwe.Irakwiriye kuri sisitemu zombi zidafite aho zibogamiye na alkaline, kandi irahujwe ninyongeramusaruro nyinshi muri gypsumu nibicuruzwa bya sima (nka surfactants, MC, krahisi na polyvinyl acetate nizindi polymers zishonga amazi).
Ibiranga ibinyamisogwe ether ahanini biri: kunoza imiterere ya sag;kunoza ubwubatsi;kuzamura umusaruro wa minisiteri, ikoreshwa cyane cyane: yakozwe n'intoki cyangwa imashini yatewe imashini ishingiye kuri sima na gypsumu, igikoma hamwe na adhesive;Amatafari;masonry Kubaka minisiteri.
Icyitonderwa: Igipimo gisanzwe cya krahisi ether muri minisiteri ni 0.01-0.1%.
(5) Ibindi byongeweho:
Umukozi winjiza ikirere atangiza umubare munini wa micro-bubles ikwirakwizwa kimwe mugihe cyo kuvanga minisiteri, bigabanya ubukana bwubuso bwamazi avanze namazi, bityo bigatuma habaho gutatana neza no kugabanya kuva amaraso no gutandukanya amaraso-beto. imvange.Ibyongeweho, cyane cyane ibinure Sodium sulfonate na sodium sulfate, dosiye ni 0.005-0.02%.
Abadindiza bakoreshwa cyane muri gypsum mortar na gypsum ishingiye kubuzuzanya.Ni imyunyu ya acide yimbuto, ubusanzwe yongewemo 0,05% -0,25%.
Ibikoresho bya Hydrophobi (imiti yica amazi) birinda amazi kwinjira muri minisiteri, mugihe minisiteri ikomeza gufungura kugirango imyuka y'amazi ikwirakwira.Hydrophobic polymer isubirwamo ifu ikoreshwa cyane.
Defoamer, kugirango ifashe kurekura imyuka ihumeka yashinzwe kandi ikabyara mugihe cyo kuvanga no kubaka, kunoza imbaraga zo kwikomeretsa, kunoza imiterere yubutaka, dosiye 0.02-0.5%.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-09-2023