1. Igikorwa nyamukuru cya selile
Muri minisiteri ivanze, selulose ether ninyongeramusaruro yongewe kumafaranga make cyane ariko irashobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya minisiteri itose kandi ikagira ingaruka kumyubakire ya minisiteri.
2. Ubwoko bwa selile ya ether
Umusaruro wa selile ya selile ukorwa cyane cyane mumibiri karemano binyuze mumashanyarazi ya alkali, reaction reaction (etherification), gukaraba, kumisha, gusya nibindi bikorwa.
Ukurikije ibikoresho nyamukuru bibisi, fibre naturel irashobora kugabanywamo: fibre fibre, fibre cedar, fibre beech, nibindi. Impamyabumenyi zabo za polymerisation ziratandukanye, ibyo bigira ingaruka kumaso yanyuma yibicuruzwa byabo.Kugeza ubu, inganda zikomeye za selile zikoresha fibre (ibikomoka kuri nitrocellulose) nkibikoresho nyamukuru.
Ether ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo ionic na nonionic.Ubwoko bwa ionic burimo ahanini umunyu wa carboxymethyl selulose, kandi ubwoko butari ionic burimo methyl selulose, methyl hydroxyethyl (propyl) selile, hydroxyethyl selulose, nibindi.
Kugeza ubu, ether ya selile ikoreshwa muri minisiteri ivanze cyane ni methyl selulose ether (MC), methyl hydroxyethyl selulose ether (MHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl selulose ether (MHPG), hydroxypropyl Methyl selulose ether (HPMC).Muri minisiteri ivanze, kubera ko ionic selulose (karboxymethyl selulose umunyu) idahindagurika imbere ya calcium ion, ntabwo ikoreshwa gake mubicuruzwa bivanze bivanze bikoresha sima, lime yamenetse, nibindi nkibikoresho bya sima.Mu turere tumwe na tumwe two mu Bushinwa, umunyu wa carboxymethyl selulose ukoreshwa nkibyimbye kubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byo mu nzu bitunganijwe hamwe na krahisi yahinduwe nkibikoresho nyamukuru bya sima hamwe nifu ya Shuangfei nkuzuza.Iki gicuruzwa gikunda kwibasirwa n'indwara kandi ntigishobora kurwanya amazi, kandi ubu kirimo gukurwaho.Hydroxyethyl selulose nayo ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa bimwe byiteguye kuvangwa, ariko bifite umugabane muto cyane ku isoko.
3. Ibipimo byingenzi byerekana imikorere ya selile
(1) Gukemura
Cellulose ni polyhydroxy polymer ivanze idashonga cyangwa ngo ishonga.Nyuma ya etherification, selile irashobora gushonga mumazi, igabanya umuti wa alkali hamwe na solge organic, kandi ifite thermoplastique.Gukemura biterwa ahanini nibintu bine: icya mbere, gukomera biratandukana nubwiza, uko ubukonje buke, niko gukomera.Icya kabiri, ibiranga amatsinda yatangijwe muri etherification, uko itsinda rinini ryatangije, niko kugabanuka guke;uko polar nyinshi itsinda ryatangije, byoroshye ether ya selile iroroshye gushonga mumazi.Icya gatatu, urwego rwo gusimbuza no gukwirakwiza amatsinda ya etherified muri macromolecules.Ether nyinshi ya selile irashobora gushonga gusa mumazi murwego runaka rwo gusimburwa.Icya kane, urwego rwa polymerisation ya selulose ether, urwego rwo hejuru rwa polymerisation, ntirushonga;munsi urwego rwa polymerisiyasi, niko intera yagutse yo gusimburwa ishobora gushonga mumazi.
(2) Kubika amazi
Kubika amazi nigikorwa cyingenzi cya selulose ether, kandi nigikorwa kandi n’inganda nyinshi zikora ifu yumye yo mu rugo, cyane cyane iyo mu turere two mu majyepfo ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, bakitondera.Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumazi yo gufata amazi ya minisiteri harimo ingano ya selile ya selile yongeweho, ubwiza, ubwiza bwibice hamwe nubushyuhe bwibidukikije.Umubare munini wa selulose ether wongeyeho, nibyiza gufata amazi;binini cyane, ni byiza gufata neza amazi;ibyiza nibice, nibyiza byo gufata amazi.
(3) Kwishishanya
Viscosity nikintu cyingenzi cyibicuruzwa bya selile.Kugeza ubu, selile itandukanye ya selile ikoresha uburyo nibikoresho bitandukanye kugirango bapime ubwiza.Kubicuruzwa bimwe, ibisubizo bya viscosity byapimwe nuburyo butandukanye biratandukanye cyane, ndetse bimwe byikubye kabiri itandukaniro.Kubwibyo, mugihe ugereranije viscosity, bigomba gukorwa hagati yuburyo bumwe bwo gupima, harimo ubushyuhe, rotor, nibindi.
Muri rusange, uko ubukonje buri hejuru, ningaruka nziza yo gufata amazi.Nyamara, uko hejuru yubukonje, niko uburemere bwa molekuline ya selile ya selile, hamwe no kugabanuka gukwiranye kwayo bizagira ingaruka mbi kumbaraga no mumikorere yubwubatsi.Iyo hejuru yubukonje, niko bigaragara ingaruka zo kubyimba kuri minisiteri, ariko ntabwo ihwanye neza.Iyo hejuru yubukonje, niko amabuye atose azaba menshi.Mugihe cyo kubaka, bigaragarira nko kwizirika kuri scraper no gufatira hejuru kuri substrate.Ariko ntabwo ari byiza kongera imbaraga zimiterere ya minisiteri yonyine.Mugihe cyo kubaka, imikorere irwanya sag ntabwo igaragara.Ibinyuranye na byo, ibice bimwe na bimwe biciriritse kandi bito ariko byahinduwe na methyl selulose ethers bifite imikorere myiza mugutezimbere imbaraga zimiterere ya minisiteri itose.
(4) Ubwiza bwibice:
Ether ya selulose ikoreshwa kuri minisiteri ivanze isabwa kuba ifu, irimo amazi make, kandi ubwiza nabwo busaba 20% kugeza 60% byubunini buke butageze kuri 63 mm.Ubwiza bugira ingaruka kuri solubose ether.Ethers ya selile yuzuye isanzwe iba muburyo bwa granules, byoroshye gutatanya no gushonga mumazi nta agglomeration, ariko igipimo cyo kuyasesa kiratinda cyane, kubwibyo ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi avanze (bimwe mubicuruzwa byo murugo ni flocculent, ntibyoroshye gutatanya no gushonga mumazi, kandi bikunda gutekwa).Muri minisiteri ivanze, selulose ether ikwirakwizwa hagati ya agregate, kuzuza neza na sima nibindi bikoresho bya sima.Gusa ifu nziza ihagije irashobora kwirinda selile ya ether agglomeration mugihe ivanze namazi.Iyo selulose ether yongewemo namazi kugirango ashonge agglomeration, biragoye cyane gutatanya no gushonga.
(5) Guhindura selile ya ether
Guhindura selile ya ether ni kwagura imikorere yayo, kandi nigice cyingenzi.Imiterere ya selulose ether irashobora kunozwa kugirango irusheho guhindagurika, gutatanya, gufatira hamwe, kubyimba, emulisile, kubika amazi hamwe no gukora firime, ndetse no kutagira amavuta.
4. Ingaruka yubushyuhe bwibidukikije ku kugumana amazi ya minisiteri
Kugumana amazi ya selile ya selile bigabanuka hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe.Mubikorwa bifatika bifatika, minisiteri ikoreshwa mubutaka bushyushye mubushyuhe bwinshi (hejuru ya 40 ° C) mubidukikije byinshi.Kugabanuka kw'amazi yatumye habaho ingaruka zigaragara kumikorere no kurwanya ibice.Kuba biterwa nubushyuhe bizakomeza gutuma intege nke za minisiteri zigabanuka, kandi ni ngombwa cyane cyane kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe muri iki kibazo.Mortar resept yahinduwe muburyo bukwiye, kandi impinduka nyinshi zingenzi zakozwe mubisubizo byigihe.Nubwo kongera urugero (formulaire yimpeshyi), gukora hamwe no kurwanya ibice ntibishobora guhura nibikenewe gukoreshwa, bisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye bwa ether selile, nko kongera urugero rwa etherifike, nibindi, kugirango ingaruka zo gufata amazi zishobore kuba kugerwaho ku bushyuhe buri hejuru.Ikomeza ingaruka nziza iyo ari ndende, kuburyo itanga imikorere myiza mubihe bibi.
5. Gusaba muri minisiteri ivanze
Muri minisiteri ivanze, selulose ether igira uruhare mu gufata amazi, kubyimba no kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi.Imikorere myiza yo gufata neza amazi yemeza ko minisiteri itazatera umucanga, ifu no kugabanuka kwingufu kubera kubura amazi hamwe n’amazi atuzuye.Ingaruka yo kubyimba yongerera cyane imbaraga zimiterere ya minisiteri itose.Kwiyongera kwa selulose ether birashobora kuzamura cyane ubwiza bwamazi ya minisiteri itose, kandi ikagira ububobere bwiza kumasoko atandukanye, bityo bigatuma imikorere yurukuta rwa minisiteri itose kandi igabanya imyanda.Mubyongeyeho, uruhare rwa selulose ether mubicuruzwa bitandukanye nabyo biratandukanye.Kurugero, mumatafari ya tile, selile ether irashobora kongera igihe cyo gufungura no guhindura igihe;muri mashini yo gutera imashini, irashobora kuzamura imbaraga zimiterere ya minisiteri itose;murwego rwo kwishyira ukizana, birashobora gukumira gutuza, Gutandukanya no gutondekanya.Kubwibyo, nkibintu byingenzi byongeweho, selile ya selile ikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi yumye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-11-2023