Ubwoko bwuruvange rusanzwe rukoreshwa mukubaka minisiteri yumye ivanze, imikorere yabyo, uburyo bwibikorwa, ningaruka zabyo mubikorwa byumusaruro wivanze wumye.Ingaruka zo kunoza ibikoresho bigumana amazi nka selile ether na selile ya etarike, ifu ya redxersible powderx nibikoresho bya fibre kumikorere ya minisiteri ivanze yumye byaganiriweho cyane.
Ibivanze bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imikorere yubwubatsi bwa minisiteri yumye, ariko kongeramo amavuta avanze yumye bituma igiciro cyibikoresho byibikoresho bivangwa na minisiteri yumye byiyongereye cyane ugereranije nibisanzwe bya minisiteri, bingana na 40% bya igiciro cyibikoresho muri minisiteri yumye.Kugeza ubu, igice kinini cyuruvange rutangwa nabanyamahanga, kandi dosiye yerekana ibicuruzwa nayo itangwa nuwabitanze.Kubera iyo mpamvu, igiciro cyibicuruzwa bivangwa na minisiteri yumye bikomeza kuba hejuru, kandi biragoye kumenyekanisha amabuye asanzwe hamwe na pompe zipompa hamwe ninshi hamwe nubugari;ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bigenzurwa n’amasosiyete y’amahanga, kandi uruganda ruvanze na minisiteri yumye rufite inyungu nke no kwihanganira ibiciro;Hano habuze ubushakashatsi butunganijwe kandi bugamije gukoresha imiti, kandi formulaire zamahanga zikurikizwa buhumyi.
Hashingiwe ku mpamvu zavuzwe haruguru, iyi mpapuro isesengura kandi igereranya ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’ibanze bikunze gukoreshwa, kandi hashingiwe kuri ibyo, yiga imikorere y’ibicuruzwa bivangwa na minisiteri yumye ukoresheje ibivanze.
Umukozi 1 wo kubika amazi
Igikoresho cyo kubika amazi ni urufunguzo rwingenzi rwo kunoza imikorere yo gufata amazi ya minisiteri ivanze yumye, kandi nayo ni imwe mu mvange zingenzi kugirango hamenyekane igiciro cyibikoresho bya minisiteri yumye.
1. Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ether (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nijambo rusange ryuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa byakozwe na reaction ya alkali selulose na agent ya etherifyinge mubihe bimwe.Alkali selulose isimburwa nibikoresho bitandukanye bya etherifing kugirango babone ethers zitandukanye.Ukurikije imiterere ya ionisation yibisimburwa, ethers ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: ionic (nka carboxymethyl selulose) na non-ionic (nka methyl selulose).Ukurikije ubwoko bwinsimburangingo, ether ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo kimwe (nka methyl selulose) na ether ivanze (nka hydroxypropyl methyl selulose).Ukurikije ibisubizo bitandukanye, birashobora kugabanywa mu gushonga amazi (nka hydroxyethyl selulose) hamwe na solvent-soluble (nka Ethyl selulose), nibindi. bigabanijwe muburyo bwihuse hamwe nubuso bwavuwe bwatinze guseswa.
Uburyo bwibikorwa bya selile ether muri mortar nuburyo bukurikira:
(1) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi akonje, kandi izahura ningorane zo gushonga mumazi ashyushye.Ariko ubushyuhe bwacyo bwo mumazi ashyushye buri hejuru cyane ugereranije na methyl selile.Ubushyuhe bwo mumazi akonje nabwo buratera imbere cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose.
.Ubushyuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku bwenge bwabwo, uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, ubukonje bugabanuka.Nyamara, ubukonje bwacyo bwinshi bugira ingaruka zubushyuhe buke kuruta methyl selile.Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye iyo kibitswe mubushyuhe bwicyumba.
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(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihamye kuri aside na alkali, kandi igisubizo cyayo cyamazi kirahagaze neza murwego rwa pH = 2 ~ 12.Soda ya Caustic n'amazi ya lime ntacyo bihindura mubikorwa byayo, ariko alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ikongera ububobere bwayo.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihagaze neza kumunyu usanzwe, ariko iyo ubunini bwumuti wumunyu mwinshi, ubwiza bwumuti wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bikunda kwiyongera.
.Nka alcool ya polyvinyl, ibinyamisogwe ether, amase y'imboga, nibindi.
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2. Methylcellulose (MC)
Nyuma yipamba itunganijwe ivuwe na alkali, selile ya selile ikorwa binyuze murukurikirane rwibisubizo hamwe na chloride metani nka agent ya etherification.Mubisanzwe, urwego rwo gusimburwa ni 1.6 ~ 2.0, kandi gukemura nabyo biratandukanye hamwe nimpamyabumenyi zitandukanye.Nibya non-ionic selulose ether.
(1) Methylcellulose irashonga mumazi akonje, kandi bizagorana gushonga mumazi ashyushye.Igisubizo cyamazi cyacyo kirahagaze neza murwego rwa pH = 3 ~ 12.Ifite guhuza neza na krahisi, guar gum, nibindi byinshi na surfactants.Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku bushyuhe bwa gelation, gelation iba.
.Mubisanzwe, niba umubare wongeyeho ari munini, ubwiza ni buto, kandi ubwiza ni bunini, igipimo cyo gufata amazi ni kinini.Muri byo, ingano y’inyongera igira ingaruka zikomeye ku kigero cyo gufata amazi, kandi urwego rw’ubukonje ntiruhwanye neza n’urwego rwo gufata amazi.Igipimo cyo guseswa ahanini biterwa nurwego rwo guhindura isura ya selile na selile nziza.Muri ethers ya selile yavuzwe haruguru, methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose bifite igipimo kinini cyo gufata amazi.
(3) Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe izagira ingaruka zikomeye ku kigero cyo gufata amazi ya methyl selile.Mubisanzwe, uko ubushyuhe buri hejuru, niko gufata amazi ari bibi.Niba ubushyuhe bwa minisiteri burenze 40 ° C, kugumana amazi ya methyl selulose bizagabanuka cyane, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku iyubakwa rya minisiteri.
(4) Methyl selulose igira ingaruka zikomeye mukubaka no gufatira minisiteri."Gufatanya" hano bivuga imbaraga zifatika zumvwa hagati yumukozi usaba umukozi nu rukuta, ni ukuvuga kurwanya inkovu.Kwizirika hejuru ni byinshi, kurwanya inkweto za minisiteri ni nini, kandi imbaraga zisabwa n'abakozi mu gihe cyo gukoresha nazo ni nini, kandi imikorere ya minisiteri ikennye.Methyl selile yifata iri murwego ruciriritse mubicuruzwa bya selile.
3. Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)
Ikozwe mu ipamba itunganijwe ivurwa na alkali, ikanakoreshwa na okiside ya Ethylene nka etherification agent imbere ya acetone.Urwego rwo gusimburwa muri rusange ni 1.5 ~ 2.0.Ifite hydrophilicity ikomeye kandi byoroshye gukuramo ubuhehere.
(1) Hydroxyethyl selulose irashobora gushonga mumazi akonje, ariko biragoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye.Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye mubushyuhe bwo hejuru nta geli.Irashobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire munsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru muri minisiteri, ariko kubika amazi yayo biri munsi yubwa methyl selile.
(2) Hydroxyethyl selulose ihamye kuri aside rusange na alkali.Alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ikongerera gato ubwiza bwayo.Ikwirakwizwa ryayo mumazi ni mabi cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose..
(3) Hydroxyethyl selulose ifite imikorere myiza yo kurwanya-sag kuri minisiteri, ariko ifite igihe kirekire cyo kudindiza sima.
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Ether
Ether ya krahisi ikoreshwa muri minisiteri ihindurwa kuva polymers karemano ya polysaccharide.Nkibirayi, ibigori, imyumbati, ibishyimbo bya guar nibindi.
1. Ibinyamisogwe byahinduwe
Ether ya krahisi yahinduwe kuva mubirayi, ibigori, imyumbati, nibindi bifite amazi make cyane ugereranije na selile.Bitewe nurwego rutandukanye rwo guhindura, guhagarara kuri aside na alkali biratandukanye.Ibicuruzwa bimwe bikwiriye gukoreshwa muri minisiteri ishingiye kuri gypsumu, mugihe ibindi bishobora gukoreshwa muri minisiteri ishingiye kuri sima.Ikoreshwa rya krahisi ether muri minisiteri ikoreshwa cyane nkibyimbye kugirango itezimbere imitungo irwanya kugabanuka, igabanya ifatira rya minisiteri itose, kandi ikongerera igihe cyo gufungura.
Imashini ya krahisi ikoreshwa kenshi hamwe na selile, kuburyo imiterere nibyiza byibicuruzwa byombi byuzuzanya.Kubera ko ibicuruzwa bya krahisi bihendutse cyane kuruta selile ya selile, ikoreshwa rya etarike ya etarike muri minisiteri bizazana igabanuka ryinshi ryibiciro bya minisiteri.
2. Guar gum ether
Guar gum ether ni ubwoko bwa krahisi ether ifite imiterere yihariye, ihindurwa kuva ibishyimbo bisanzwe.Ahanini na reaction ya etherification ya guar gum na groupe ikora ya acrylic, hashyizweho urwego rurimo 2-hydroxypropyl groupe ikora, ikaba ari polygalactomannose.
(1) Ugereranije na selile ya selile, guar gum ether irashonga cyane mumazi.Ibiranga pH guar ethers mubyukuri ntabwo bigira ingaruka.
.Ariko guhuzagurika, kurwanya-sag, thixotropy nibindi biragaragara ko byateye imbere.
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.Nta ngaruka mbi igira ku gihe cyo gushiraho n'imbaraga za gypsumu.
3. Yahinduye imyunyu ngugu-igumana umubyimba
Ubushuhe bugumana amazi bukozwe mu myunyu ngugu binyuze mu guhindura no guhuza byakoreshejwe mu Bushinwa.Amabuye y'agaciro akoreshwa mugutegura umubyimba ugumana amazi ni: sepiolite, bentonite, montmorillonite, kaolin, nibindi.Ubu bwoko bwamazi agumana umubyimba ukoreshwa kuri minisiteri ifite ibintu bikurikira.
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(2) Ibicuruzwa bya Mortar bifite imbaraga zinyuranye zinyubako rusange zinganda nimbonezamubano zirashobora gutegurwa.
(3) Igiciro cyibikoresho kiri hasi cyane ugereranije na selulose ether na krahisi ether.
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Isubirwamo rya polymer rubber
Ifu ya reispersible reberi itunganywa no gutera spray yumuti udasanzwe wa polymer.Muburyo bwo gutunganya, kurinda colloid, anti-cake, nibindi bihinduka ibyingenzi.Ifu yumye yumye ni uduce tumwe na tumwe twa 80 ~ 100mm zegeranijwe hamwe.Izi ngingo zishonga mumazi kandi zigakora ikwirakwizwa rihamye rinini gato ugereranije nuduce twambere twa emulsion.Uku gutatanya kuzakora firime nyuma yo kubura umwuma no gukama.Iyi firime ntishobora gusubira inyuma nkibikorwa rusange bya emulsiyasi, kandi ntibizongera guhinduka iyo ihuye namazi.Gutatana.
Ifu ya reberi isubirwamo irashobora kugabanywamo: styrene-butadiene copolymer, teriary karubone acide etylene copolymer, Ethylene-acetate acetic acide copolymer, nibindi, kandi hashingiwe kuri ibi, silicone, vinyl laurate, nibindi byateguwe kugirango bitezimbere imikorere.Ingamba zinyuranye zo guhindura zituma ifu ya reberi isubirwamo ifite imiterere itandukanye nko kurwanya amazi, kurwanya alkali, kurwanya ikirere no guhinduka.Harimo vinyl laurate na silicone, bishobora gutuma ifu ya rubber igira hydrophobicity nziza.Amashami menshi ya vinyl tertiary karubone hamwe na Tg yo hasi kandi ihindagurika neza.
Iyo ubu bwoko bwifu ya reberi ikoreshwa kuri minisiteri, byose bigira ingaruka zo gutinda mugihe cyagenwe cya sima, ariko ingaruka zo gutinda ni ntoya kuruta iyo gukoresha mu buryo butaziguye.Mugereranije, styrene-butadiene ifite ingaruka nini zo kudindiza, kandi acetate ya Ethylene-vinyl ifite ingaruka ntoya yo kudindiza.Niba igipimo ari gito cyane, ingaruka zo kunoza imikorere ya minisiteri ntabwo igaragara.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-03-2023