Intangiriro kuri Pamba na Cellulose
Ipamba, fibre isanzwe ikomoka ku gihingwa cy'ipamba, igizwe ahanini na selile. Cellulose, karubone nziza, nikintu nyamukuru kigize urukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima, rutanga ubufasha bwubaka. Gukuramo selile nziza muri pamba bikubiyemo gutandukanya fibre selile nibindi bice bigize igihingwa cya pamba, nka lignin, hemicellulose, na pectine.
Ipamba Ihingwa Anatomy
Gusobanukirwa anatomiya yigihingwa cy ipamba ningirakamaro mugukuramo selile. Ipamba ya pamba ni trichomes yimbuto, ikura kuva selile epidermal selile yimbuto. Iyi fibre igizwe ahanini na selile, hamwe na proteine nkeya, ibishashara, hamwe nisukari. Ipamba y'ipamba ikura muri bolls, ni capsules ikingira imbuto.
Gukuramo Cellulose
Gusarura: Igikorwa gitangirana no gusarura ibiti by'ipamba bikuze bivuye mubihingwa by'ipamba. Gusarura imashini nuburyo busanzwe, aho imashini zikuraho ibimera mubihingwa.
Gusya: Nyuma yo gusarura, ipamba irasya, aho imbuto zitandukanijwe na fibre. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo kunyuza ipamba mumashini ya gin ikuraho imbuto muri fibre.
Isuku: Iyo itandukanijwe nimbuto, fibre yipamba ikorerwa isuku kugirango ikureho umwanda nkumwanda, amababi, nibindi bikoresho byibimera. Iyi ntambwe yemeza ko selile yakuweho ifite isuku ryinshi.
Ikarita: Ikarita ni uburyo bwa mashini ihuza fibre y'ipamba mururubuga ruto. Ikuraho umwanda wose usigaye kandi ugahuza fibre kugirango witegure kurushaho gutunganywa.
Gutesha agaciro: Fibre y'ipamba irimo umwanda karemano nk'ibishashara, pectine, na hemicellulose, hamwe bita "gum." Gutesha agaciro bikubiyemo kuvura fibre hamwe n ibisubizo bya alkaline cyangwa enzymes kugirango ukureho iyo myanda.
Kuvomera: Kuvomera ni intambwe itabishaka ariko ikoreshwa kenshi kugirango irusheho kweza fibre selile no kongera umweru. Ibikoresho bitandukanye byo guhumanya nka hydrogen peroxide cyangwa ibikomoka kuri chlorine birashobora gukoreshwa muriki gikorwa.
Mercerisation: Mercerisation ikubiyemo kuvura fibre selile hamwe nigisubizo cya alkali caustic, mubisanzwe hydroxide ya sodium. Ubu buryo bwongera imbaraga za fibre, kurabagirana, hamwe no guhuza amarangi, bigatuma bikenerwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Acide Hydrolysis: Rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane mubikorwa byinganda, hydrolysis ya aside irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango irusheho kumenagura selile mo uduce duto, twinshi. Ubu buryo bukubiyemo kuvura selile hamwe na acide ya dilute mugihe cyagenwe kugirango hydrolyze imvano ya glycosidique, itange iminyururu ngufi ya selile cyangwa nanocrystal selile.
Gukaraba no Kuma: Nyuma yo kuvura imiti, fibre ya selile yogejwe neza kugirango ikureho imiti isigaye cyangwa umwanda. Ibikurikiraho, fibre yumishijwe kubintu byifuzwa.
Porogaramu ya Cellulose Yera
Cellulose isukuye iboneka mu ipamba isanga porogaramu mu nganda zitandukanye:
Imyenda: Fibre ya selile ihindurwamo ubudodo hanyuma ikaboshywa mu myenda yimyenda, imyenda yo murugo, hamwe ninganda zikoreshwa mu nganda.
Impapuro n'impapuro: Cellulose nikintu cyibanze cyimpapuro, impapuro, nibikarito.
Ibikomoka kuri peteroli: Cellulose irashobora guhindurwamo ibicanwa nka Ethanol binyuze mubikorwa nka hydrolysis enzymatique na fermentation.
Inganda n’ibiribwa n’imiti: Ibikomoka kuri selile bikoreshwa nkibibyimbye, stabilisateur, na emulisiferi mu biribwa n’ibicuruzwa bya farumasi.
Amavuta yo kwisiga: Ibikomoka kuri selile bikoreshwa mu kwisiga no kubitaho kugiti cyabo kubyimbye no gutuza.
Gukuramo selile nziza muri pamba birimo urukurikirane rwibikorwa bya mashini na chimique bigamije gutandukanya fibre selile nibindi bice bigize uruganda rw ipamba no kubisukura. Gusobanukirwa na anatomiya yigihingwa cy ipamba no gukoresha tekiniki zikwiye nko gusya, gutesha agaciro, guhumanya, na mercerisation ni ngombwa kugirango ubone selile nziza. Cellulose isukuye iboneka mu ipamba ifite uburyo butandukanye mu nganda, uhereye ku myenda no gukora impapuro kugeza kuri biyogi na farumasi, bigatuma iba umutungo kamere kandi ufite agaciro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-25-2024