Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ni polymer itandukanye kandi ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha mubikorwa bitandukanye birimo imiti, ibiryo, ubwubatsi no kwisiga. Ibikoresho by'ibanze bikoreshwa muguhuza HPMC ni selile na okiside ya propylene.
1. Cellulose: ishingiro rya HPMC
1.1 Incamake ya selile
Cellulose ni karubone nziza igizwe ningingo nyamukuru yimiterere yinkuta zicyatsi kibisi. Igizwe n'iminyururu igaragara ya molekile ya glucose ihujwe hamwe na β-1,4-glycosidic. Ubwinshi bwamatsinda ya hydroxyl muri selulose bituma iba ibikoresho byiza byo gutangira kugirango habeho synthesis yibikomoka kuri selile zitandukanye, harimo HPMC.
1.2 Amasoko ya selile
Cellulose irashobora gukomoka mubikoresho bitandukanye byibimera, nkibiti byimbaho, ibiti by'ipamba, cyangwa ibindi bimera bya fibrous. Inkwi zinkwi nisoko isanzwe kubera ubwinshi bwayo, ikora neza, kandi irambye. Gukuramo selile mubisanzwe bikubiyemo kumena fibre yibihingwa binyuze murukurikirane rwimashini nubumashini.
1.3 Isuku n'ibiranga
Ubwiza nubuziranenge bwa selile ni ngombwa muguhitamo ibiranga ibicuruzwa byanyuma bya HPMC. Cellulose-isukuye cyane yemeza ko HPMC ikorwa hamwe nibintu bihoraho nko kwijimisha, gukomera hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro.
2. Okiside ya propylene: kumenyekanisha itsinda rya hydroxypropyl
2.1 Intangiriro kuri okiside ya propylene
Okiside ya Propylene (PO) ni ifumbire mvaruganda hamwe na chimique C3H6O. Ni epoxide, bivuze ko irimo atome ya ogisijeni ihujwe na atome ebyiri za karubone zegeranye. Okiside ya Propylene ni ibikoresho by'ibanze byo guhuza hydroxypropyl selulose, ikaba ari intera yo gukora HPMC.
2.2 Inzira ya Hydroxypropylation
Hydroxypropylation inzira ikubiyemo reaction ya selile hamwe na okiside ya propylene kugirango itangire hydroxypropyl mumatsinda ya selile. Iyi reaction mubisanzwe ikorwa imbere ya catalizator yibanze. Amatsinda ya Hydroxypropyl atanga imbaraga zo gukemura hamwe nibindi bintu byifuzwa kuri selile, biganisha kuri hydroxypropyl selile.
3. Methylation: Ongeramo amatsinda ya methyl
3.1 Uburyo bwa Methylation
Nyuma ya hydroxypropylation, intambwe ikurikira muri synthesis ya HPMC ni methylation. Inzira ikubiyemo kwinjiza amatsinda ya methyl kumugongo wa selile. Methyl chloride ni reagent ikoreshwa cyane kuriyi reaction. Urwego rwa methylation rugira ingaruka kumiterere yanyuma yibicuruzwa bya HPMC, harimo nubwiza bwayo hamwe nimyitwarire ya gel.
3.2 Impamyabumenyi yo gusimburwa
Urwego rwo gusimbuza (DS) ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kugereranya impuzandengo y'ibisimburwa (methyl na hydroxypropyl) kuri anhydroglucose murwego rwa selulose. Ibikorwa byo gukora bigenzurwa neza kugirango ugere kubikorwa byifuzwa byibicuruzwa bya HPMC.
4. Kwezwa no kugenzura ubuziranenge
4.1 Gukuraho ibicuruzwa
Synthesis ya HPMC irashobora kuvamo gushiraho ibicuruzwa nkumunyu cyangwa reagent idakozwe. Intambwe zo kweza zirimo gukaraba no kuyungurura zikoreshwa mugukuraho ibyo byanduye no kongera ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byanyuma.
4.2 Ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge
Ingamba zikaze zo kugenzura ubuziranenge zishyirwa mubikorwa mubikorwa byose kugirango HPMC ihame kandi ihamye. Ubuhanga bwo gusesengura nka spekitroscopi, chromatografiya na rheologiya bikoreshwa mugusuzuma ibipimo nkuburemere bwa molekile, urugero rwo gusimbuza no kwiyegeranya.
5. Ibiranga Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)
5.1 Imiterere yumubiri
HPMC ni umweru kugeza kuri-cyera, ifu idafite impumuro nziza hamwe na firime nziza. Ni hygroscopique kandi byoroshye gukora gel ibonerana iyo ikwirakwijwe mumazi. Gukemura kwa HPMC biterwa nurwego rwo gusimburwa kandi bigira ingaruka kubintu nkubushyuhe na pH.
5.2 Imiterere yimiti
Imiterere yimiti ya HPMC igizwe numugongo wa selile hamwe na hydroxypropyl hamwe na methyl. Ikigereranyo cyibi bintu bisimburana, kigaragarira murwego rwo gusimbuza, kigena imiterere yimiti muri rusange bityo imiterere ya HPMC.
5.3 Ubusembwa n'imiterere ya rheologiya
HPMC iraboneka mubyiciro bitandukanye hamwe nuburinganire butandukanye. Ubukonje bwibisubizo bya HPMC nikintu cyingenzi mubisabwa nka farumasi, aho bigira ingaruka kumwirondoro wibiyobyabwenge, no mubwubatsi, aho bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya minisiteri na paste.
5.4 Gukora firime no kubyimba ibintu
HPMC ikoreshwa cyane nka firime yahoze mu miti ya farumasi kandi nkigikoresho cyo kubyimba muburyo butandukanye. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora firime butuma bugira agaciro mugutezimbere uburyo bwo gutwika ibiyobyabwenge bigenzurwa-mu gihe, mu gihe imiterere yabyo yongerera imbaraga imiterere n’ibicuruzwa byinshi.
6. Gukoresha hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
6.1 Inganda zimiti
Mu nganda zimiti, HPMC ikoreshwa mugutegura urugero rukomeye rwiminwa nka tableti na capsules. Bikunze gukoreshwa nka binder, disintegrant na firime coating. Igenzurwa-kurekura imitungo ya HPMC yorohereza kuyikoresha muburyo burambye-burekura.
6.2 Inganda zubaka
Mu rwego rwubwubatsi, HPMC ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bigumana amazi, kubyimbye no gufatira mu bicuruzwa bishingiye kuri sima. Itezimbere imikorere ya minisiteri, irinda kugabanuka mubikorwa bihagaritse, kandi itezimbere imikorere rusange yibikoresho byubaka.
6.3 Inganda zibiribwa
HPMC ikoreshwa mu nganda zibiribwa nkibibyimbye, stabilisateur na emulifier. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora geles mukwitonda gake bituma ibera mubikorwa bitandukanye, birimo isosi, imyambarire hamwe nubutayu.
6.4 Amavuta yo kwisiga nibicuruzwa byawe bwite
Mu mavuta yo kwisiga n'ibicuruzwa byawe bwite, HPMC iboneka muburyo butandukanye burimo amavuta, amavuta yo kwisiga hamwe na shampo. Ifasha kunoza imiterere, ituze hamwe nibikorwa rusange byibicuruzwa.
6.5 Izindi nganda
Impinduka za HPMC zigera no mu zindi nganda, zirimo imyenda, amarangi hamwe n’ibifatika, aho bishobora gukoreshwa nka moderi ihindura imvugo, umukozi wo kubika amazi no kubyimba.
7. Umwanzuro
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ni polymer itandukanye hamwe nibisabwa byinshi. Synthesis yayo ikoresha selile na protylene oxyde nkibikoresho nyamukuru, naho selile ihindurwa binyuze muri hydroxypropylation hamwe na methylation. Kugenzura kugenzura ibyo bikoresho fatizo nuburyo bwo kubyitwaramo birashobora kubyara HPMC ifite imitungo yihariye kugirango ihuze inganda zikenewe. Kubwibyo, HPMC igira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imikorere nimikorere yibicuruzwa mu nganda. Gukomeza ubushakashatsi kuri porogaramu nshya no kunoza imikorere yinganda bifasha HPMC gukomeza kugira uruhare runini ku isoko ryisi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-28-2023