Cellulose ether ninyongera yibikoresho byubaka, bikoreshwa cyane mukubaka minisiteri, ifu yuzuye, ifu nibindi bicuruzwa kugirango tunoze imitungo nibikorwa byubwubatsi. Ibice byingenzi bigize selile ya selile harimo imiterere shingiro ya selile hamwe ninsimburangingo zatangijwe no guhindura imiti, itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe, kubyimba, kubika amazi hamwe na rheologiya.
1. Imiterere shingiro ya selile
Cellulose ni imwe muri polysaccharide ikunze kugaragara muri kamere, ikomoka cyane cyane ku bimera. Nibyingenzi bigize selile ya ether kandi igena imiterere yibanze nimiterere. Molekile ya selile igizwe nibice bya glucose bihujwe na β-1,4-glycosidique ihuza urwego rurerure. Imiterere yumurongo itanga selile ikomeye nuburemere buke bwa molekile, ariko gukomera kwayo mumazi ni bibi. Kugirango tunonosore amazi ya selile kandi ahuze nibikenerwa mubikoresho byubaka, selile igomba guhinduka muburyo bwa shimi.
2. Ibisimburwa-byingenzi bigize etherification reaction
Imiterere yihariye ya selulose ether igerwaho ahanini ninsimburangingo yatangijwe na etherification reaction hagati ya hydroxyl group (-OH) ya selile na ether. Ibisanzwe mubisanzwe birimo mikorerexy (-OCH₃), ethoxy (-OC₂H₅) na hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃). Itangizwa ryibi bisimburanya rihindura imbaraga, kubyimba no kugumana amazi ya selile. Ukurikije insimburangingo zitandukanye zatangijwe, ethers ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo methyl selulose (MC), hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl methyl selulose (HPMC) nubundi bwoko.
Methyl selulose (MC): Methyl selulose ikorwa mugutangiza insimburangingo ya methyl (-OCH₃) mumatsinda ya hydroxyl muri molekile ya selile. Iyi selile ya selulose ifite amazi meza kandi ikabyimba kandi ikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi yumye, ibifata hamwe. MC ifite amazi meza kandi ifasha kugabanya igihombo cyamazi mubikoresho byubwubatsi, igahuza imbaraga nimbaraga za pome nifu.
Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC): Hydroxyethyl selulose ikorwa mugutangiza insimburangingo ya hydroxyethyl (-OC₂H₅), bigatuma irushaho gushonga amazi kandi ikarwanya umunyu. HEC isanzwe ikoreshwa mumazi ashingiye kumazi, amarangi ya latex ninyongera. Ifite umubyimba mwiza no gukora firime kandi irashobora kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi bwibikoresho.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ikorwa no gutangiza icyarimwe hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃) hamwe nimbaraga za methyl. Ubu bwoko bwa selulose ether bugaragaza uburyo bwiza bwo gufata amazi, gusiga amavuta no gukora mubikoresho byubaka nka minisiteri yumye, ibyuma bifata amabati, hamwe na sisitemu yo gukingira urukuta. HPMC ifite kandi ubushyuhe bwiza bwo guhangana nubukonje, bityo irashobora kunoza neza imikorere yibikoresho byubaka mubihe bikabije.
3. Kubora amazi no kubyimba
Amazi ya elegitoronike ya selile biterwa nubwoko nintera yo gusimbuza insimburangingo (ni ukuvuga umubare wamatsinda ya hydroxyl yasimbuwe kuri buri gice cya glucose). Urwego rukwiye rwo gusimbuza rutuma molekile ya selile ikora igisubizo kimwe mumazi, igaha ibintu byiza kubyimba. Mubikoresho byubwubatsi, selile ya selile nkibibyimbye birashobora kongera ubwiza bwa minisiteri, bikarinda gutondekanya no gutandukanya ibikoresho, bityo bikazamura imikorere yubwubatsi.
4. Kubika amazi
Kugumana amazi ya selulose ether ningirakamaro mubwiza bwibikoresho byubaka. Mu bicuruzwa nka minisiteri nifu ya putty, ether ya selile irashobora gukora firime yuzuye yamazi hejuru yibikoresho kugirango irinde amazi guhumeka vuba, bityo bikongerera igihe cyo gufungura no gukoresha ibikoresho. Ibi bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imbaraga zo guhuza no gukumira gucika.
5. Imvugo n'imikorere y'ubwubatsi
Kwiyongera kwa selulose ether itezimbere cyane imiterere ya rheologiya yibikoresho byubaka, ni ukuvuga imyitwarire no guhindura imikorere yibikoresho munsi yimbaraga zo hanze. Irashobora guteza imbere gufata neza no gusiga amavuta ya minisiteri, kongera ubushobozi no koroshya kubaka ibikoresho. Mubikorwa byubwubatsi nko gutera, gusiba no kubumba, selile ether ifasha kugabanya guhangana no kunoza imikorere, mugihe harebwa umwenda utarinze kugabanuka.
6. Guhuza no kurengera ibidukikije
Ether ya selulose ifitanye isano neza nibikoresho bitandukanye byubaka, birimo sima, gypsumu, lime, nibindi. Mugihe cyubwubatsi, ntabwo bizakira nabi nibindi bikoresho bigize imiti kugirango ibintu bigende neza. Byongeye kandi, selile ether ni icyatsi kibisi kandi cyangiza ibidukikije, gikomoka cyane cyane kumibabi yibimera karemano, nticyangiza ibidukikije, kandi cyujuje ibyangombwa byo kurengera ibidukikije mubikoresho byubaka bigezweho.
7. Ibindi byahinduwe
Kugirango turusheho kunoza imikorere ya selulose ether, ibindi bintu byahinduwe bishobora gutangizwa mubikorwa nyabyo. Kurugero, abahinguzi bamwe bazamura amazi no guhangana nikirere cya selulose ether muguhuza na silicone, paraffine nibindi bintu. Kwiyongera kwibi bikoresho byahinduwe mubisanzwe byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa, nko kongera ibikoresho birwanya kwangirika no kuramba mu rukuta rwo hanze cyangwa minisiteri idafite amazi.
Nkibintu byingenzi mubikoresho byubaka, selile ether ifite ibintu byinshi bikora, harimo kubyimba, gufata amazi, hamwe nimiterere yimiterere. Ibice byingenzi byingenzi ni selile yibanze nuburyo busimburwa na etherification reaction. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa selile ethers ifite porogaramu zitandukanye nibikorwa mubikorwa byubwubatsi bitewe nibitandukaniro mubisimbuza. Ethers ya selile ntishobora kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi bwibikoresho gusa, ahubwo inatezimbere ubuzima bwiza nubuzima rusange bwinyubako. Kubwibyo, selulose ethers ifite ibyifuzo byinshi mubikoresho byubaka bigezweho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-18-2024