Imiterere ya selile ethers

Imiterere isanzwe ya bibiriselile etherszitangwa mu gishushanyo cya 1.1 na 1.2. Buri muzabibu β-D-umwuma wa molekile ya selile

Igice cy'isukari (igice gisubiramo selile) gisimbuzwa itsinda rimwe rya ether buri umwe kuri C (2), C (3) na C (6), ni ukuvuga kugeza kuri batatu

itsinda rya ether. Kubera ko hari amatsinda ya hydroxyl, macromolecules ya selile ifite imigozi ya hydrogène idasanzwe hamwe na intermolecular, bigoye gushonga mumazi.

Kandi biragoye gushonga mumashanyarazi hafi ya yose. Ariko, nyuma ya etherification ya selile, amatsinda ya ether yinjizwa mumurongo wa molekile,

Muri ubu buryo, imigozi ya hydrogène iri hagati ya molekile ya selile irasenywa, kandi hydrophilique yayo nayo iratera imbere, kugirango ibishobora gukemuka neza.

byateye imbere cyane. Muri byo, Igicapo 1.1 nuburyo rusange bwibice bibiri bya anhydroglucose yingirabuzimafatizo ya selile ya selile, R1-R6 = H

cyangwa insimburangingo. 1.2 ni agace ka carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl selulose ya molekile ya molekile, urwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl ni 0.5,4

Urwego rwo gusimbuza hydroxyethyl ni 2.0, naho impamyabumenyi yo gusimbuza ni 3.0.

Kuri buri kintu gisimbuza selile, umubare wuzuye wa etherification urashobora kugaragazwa nkurwego rwo gusimbuza (DS). bikozwe muri fibre

Birashobora kugaragara uhereye kumiterere ya molekile yibanze ko urwego rwo gusimburana ruri hagati ya 0-3. Nukuvuga ko buri anhydroglucose impeta ya selile

, impuzandengo ya hydroxyl matsinda yasimbujwe na etherifying ya matsinda ya etherifying agent. Bitewe na hydroxyalkyl groupe ya selile, iyisimbuza

Etherification igomba gutangirira mumatsinda mashya ya hydroxyl. Kubwibyo, urwego rwo gusimbuza ubu bwoko bwa selile ether rushobora kugaragarira muri mole.

urwego rwo gusimbuza (MS). Icyitwa molar degre yo gusimbuza yerekana ingano ya etherifying agent yongewe kuri buri gice cya anhydroglucose ya selile.

Impuzandengo ya misa ya reaction.

1 Imiterere rusange yikintu cya glucose

Ibice bya selile ya ether ya molekulari

1.2.2 Gutondekanya ethers ya selile

Ese selile ya selile yaba ether imwe cyangwa ethers ivanze, imitungo yabo iratandukanye. Cellulose macromolecules

Niba hydroxyl itsinda ryimpeta yingingo isimbuwe nitsinda rya hydrophilique, ibicuruzwa birashobora kugira urwego rwo hasi rwo gusimburwa hashingiwe kurwego rwo hasi rwo gusimburwa.

Ifite amazi runaka; niba isimbuwe nitsinda rya hydrophobique, ibicuruzwa bifite urwego runaka rwo gusimbuza gusa iyo urwego rwo gusimbuza ruciriritse.

Amazi ashonga, ibikoresho bya selireose bitasimbuwe neza birashobora kubyimba mumazi gusa, cyangwa bigashonga mubisubizo bya alkali bitagabanije cyane

hagati.

Ukurikije ubwoko bwinsimburangingo, ethers ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu: amatsinda ya alkyl, nka methyl selulose, ethyl selile;

Hydroxyalkyls, nka hydroxyethyl selulose, hydroxypropyl selile; abandi, nka carboxymethyl selulose, nibindi Niba ionisation

Gutondekanya, selile ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo: ionic, nka carboxymethyl selile; itari ionic, nka hydroxyethyl selile; bivanze

ubwoko, nka hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl selulose. Ukurikije ibyiciro byo gukemuka, selile irashobora kugabanywamo: gushonga amazi, nka carboxymethyl selulose,

Hydroxyethyl selile; amazi adashonga, nka methyl selulose, nibindi

1.2.3 Ibyiza nibisabwa bya selile ya selile

Ether ya selile ni ubwoko bwibicuruzwa nyuma yo guhindura selile ya selulose, na selile ya selile ifite ibintu byinshi byingenzi. nka

Ifite imiterere myiza yo gukora firime; nk'icapiro, rifite amazi meza yo gukemura, kubyimbye, kubika amazi no gutuza;

5

Ether yo mu kibaya nta mpumuro nziza, ntabwo ari uburozi, kandi ifite biocompatibilité nziza. Muri byo, carboxymethyl selulose (CMC) ifite “inganda monosodium glutamate”

akazina.

1.2.3.1

Urwego rwa etherification ya selulose ether igira uruhare runini mumiterere yayo yo gukora firime nkubushobozi bwo gukora firime nimbaraga zo guhuza. Cellulose ether

Bitewe n'imbaraga zayo nziza kandi zihuza neza na resin zitandukanye, irashobora gukoreshwa muma firime ya plastike, ibifata nibindi bikoresho.

gutegura ibikoresho.

1.2.3.2

Bitewe nuko hariho amatsinda menshi ya hydroxyl kumpeta ya glucose irimo ogisijeni, ethers ya selile ifite amazi meza. na

Ukurikije insimburangingo ya selulose ether hamwe nurwego rwo gusimbuza, hariho nuburyo butandukanye bwo guhitamo ibimera.

1.2.3.3

Ether ya selile irashonga mumuti wamazi muburyo bwa colloid, aho urugero rwa polymerisation ya selile ya selile igena selile.

Viscosity ya ether igisubizo. Bitandukanye n'amazi ya Newtonian, ubwiza bwa selile ether ibisubizo bihinduka hamwe nimbaraga zogosha, kandi

Bitewe niyi miterere ya macromolecules, ubwiza bwigisubizo buziyongera byihuse hamwe no kwiyongera kwibintu bikomeye bya selile ether, icyakora igisubizo cyibisubizo

Viscosity nayo igabanuka vuba hamwe nubushyuhe bwiyongera [33].

1.2.3.4

Umuti wa selulose ether ushonga mumazi mugihe runaka uzakura bagiteri, bityo utange bacteri za enzyme kandi usenye icyiciro cya selile.

Ibice byegeranye bya glucose bidafite aho bihuriye, bityo bikagabanya ubwinshi bwa molekile ya macromolecule. Kubwibyo, selile ethers

Kubungabunga ibisubizo byamazi bisaba kongerwaho umubare runaka wibibuza.

Mubyongeyeho, ethers ya selile ifite nibindi bintu byinshi byihariye nkibikorwa byo hejuru, ibikorwa bya ionic, ituze rya furo ninyongera

ibikorwa bya gel. Bitewe niyi miterere, ethers ya selile ikoreshwa mubudodo, gukora impapuro, ibikoresho byogeza, kwisiga, ibiryo, imiti,

Irakoreshwa cyane mubice byinshi.

1.3 Intangiriro yo gutera ibikoresho bibisi

Duhereye ku ncamake ya 1.2 selulose ether, urashobora kubona ko ibikoresho fatizo byo gutegura ether ya selile ari ahanini ipamba selulose, kandi kimwe mubikubiye muriyi ngingo

Ni ugukoresha selile yakuwe mubikoresho fatizo byibiti kugirango isimbuze ipamba selile kugirango utegure selile. Ibikurikira nintangiriro ngufi kubihingwa

ibikoresho.

Nkuko umutungo rusange nka peteroli, amakara na gaze karemano bigenda bigabanuka, iterambere ryibicuruzwa bitandukanye bishingiye kuri byo, nka fibre synthique na fibre fibre, nabyo bizagenda bibuzwa. Hamwe niterambere rihoraho rya societe nibihugu kwisi (cyane cyane

Nigihugu cyateye imbere) cyita cyane kubibazo byangiza ibidukikije. Cellulose isanzwe ifite ibinyabuzima no guhuza ibidukikije.

Bizagenda buhoro buhoro isoko nyamukuru yibikoresho bya fibre.