Beto: Ibiranga, ibipimo byongeweho no kugenzura ubuziranenge

Beto nigikoresho cyubwubatsi gikoreshwa cyane kizwiho imbaraga, kuramba, no guhuza byinshi. Hano haribintu byingenzi byingenzi, inyongeramusaruro zisanzwe zikoreshwa mukuzamura iyi mitungo, gusabwa ibipimo byongeweho, hamwe ningamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge:

Ibyiza bya beto:

1. Imbaraga zo guhonyora: Ubushobozi bwa beto bwo kurwanya imitwaro ya axial, bupimwa kuri pound kuri santimetero kare (psi) cyangwa megapascal (MPa).
2. Imbaraga za Tensile: Ubushobozi bwa beto yo kurwanya imbaraga zitera impagarara, ubusanzwe buri munsi cyane kuruta imbaraga zo kwikuramo.
3. Kuramba: Kurwanya beto kurwanya ikirere, gutera imiti, gukuramo, nubundi buryo bwo kwangirika mugihe.
4. Igikorwa: Ubworoherane bushobora kuvangwa, gushyirwaho, guhuzagurika, no kurangiza kugirango ugere kumiterere wifuza no kurangiza.
5. Ubucucike: Ubwinshi kuri buri gice cyubunini bwa beto, bigira ingaruka kuburemere bwimiterere.
6. Kugabanuka no Kuzunguruka: Guhinduka mubunini no guhindura ibintu mugihe bitewe no gukama, ihindagurika ryubushyuhe, hamwe nuburemere burambye.
7. Uruhushya: Ubushobozi bwa beto bwo kurwanya inzira y'amazi, imyuka, nibindi bintu binyuze mu byobo byayo na capillaries.

Inyongeramusaruro rusange ninshingano zabo:

1. Kugabanya Amazi (Superplasticizers): Kunoza imikorere no kugabanya amazi ntutange imbaraga.
2. Ibikoresho byinjira mu kirere: Shyiramo microscopique yo mu kirere kugirango utezimbere ubukonje no gukora.
3. Abadindiza: Gutinda gushiraho igihe cyo kwemerera gutwara igihe kirekire, gushyira, nigihe cyo kurangiza.
4. Kwihuta: Kwihutisha gushiraho igihe, cyane cyane mugihe cyubukonje.
5. Pozzolans (urugero, Fly Ash, Silica Fume): Kongera imbaraga, kuramba, no kugabanya ubwikorezi ukoresheje hydroxide ya calcium kugirango ube wongeyeho ibintu bya simaitima.
6. Fibre (urugero, Ibyuma, Syntetike): Kongera imbaraga zo guhangana, kurwanya ingaruka, nimbaraga zikomeye.
7. Inhibitori ya ruswa: Kurinda utubari twongerera imbaraga ruswa yatewe na chloride ion cyangwa karubone.

Ibipimo byongeweho byongeweho:

• Ikigereranyo cyihariye cyinyongera giterwa nibintu nkibintu bifatika bifuza, ibidukikije, nibisabwa umushinga.
• Ibipimo mubisanzwe bigaragazwa nkijanisha ryuburemere bwa sima cyangwa uburemere bwuzuye buvanze.
• Imikoreshereze igomba kugenwa hashingiwe ku gupima laboratoire, kuvanga ibigeragezo, hamwe n'ibipimo ngenderwaho.

Ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge:

1. Kwipimisha Ibikoresho: Kora ibizamini kubikoresho fatizo (urugero, igiteranyo, sima, inyongeramusaruro) kugirango hubahirizwe ibipimo bijyanye nibisobanuro.
2. Gufata no Kuvanga: Koresha ibikoresho byo gupima no gupima neza ibikoresho, hanyuma ukurikize uburyo bwiza bwo kuvanga kugirango ugere kubumwe no guhuzagurika.
3. Ikizamini cyo Gukora no Guhoraho: Kora ibizamini bisinziriye, ibizamini bitemba, cyangwa ibizamini bya rheologiya kugirango usuzume imikorere kandi uhindure ibipimo bivanze nkuko bikenewe.
4. Gukiza: Shyira mu bikorwa uburyo bukwiye bwo gukiza (urugero, gukira neza, gukiza ibibyimba, gukiza ibibyimba) kugirango wirinde gukama imburagihe no guteza imbere amazi.
5. Kwipimisha Imbaraga: Kurikirana iterambere ryimbaraga zifatika ukoresheje uburyo busanzwe bwo kugerageza (urugero, ibizamini byingufu zogukomeretsa) mumyaka itandukanye kugirango ugenzure niba byujuje ibisabwa.
6. Gahunda y'Ubwiza / Kugenzura Ubuziranenge (QA / QC) Gahunda: Gushiraho gahunda za QA / QC zirimo ubugenzuzi busanzwe, inyandiko, n'ibikorwa byo gukosora kugirango habeho guhuza no kubahiriza ibisobanuro.

Mugusobanukirwa imiterere ya beto, guhitamo inyongeramusaruro ikwiye, kugenzura ibipimo byongeweho, no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge, abubatsi barashobora kubyara beto yujuje ubuziranenge yujuje ibisabwa kandi ikazamura igihe kirekire no kuramba kwinzego.