Cellulose ether uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa

Cellulose ether: ibikoresho byibanze byo hejuru bigira ingaruka nyinshi, kandi isoko yo hepfo iratera imbere.
Cellulose ether ni ubwoko bwa polymer karemano ikomoka, ifite emulisifike nibiranga guhagarikwa. Mu bwoko bwinshi, hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ether ariyo HPMC numusaruro mwinshi, ukoreshwa cyane, umusaruro wiyongera vuba.
Mu myaka yashize, twungukira ku izamuka ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu, umusaruro wa selile ether yo mu gihugu cyacu uzamuka uko umwaka utashye. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu gihugu, umwimerere ukenera gutumiza umubare munini wa selile yo mu rwego rwohejuru ya ether ubu ugenda umenya aho uherereye, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byo mu bwoko bwa selulose yo mu gihugu biriyongera. Amakuru yerekana ko kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ugushyingo 2020, Ubushinwa bwohereje toni 64,806 za selile ya selile, byiyongereyeho 14.2% umwaka ushize, hejuru ya 2019 yose.
Mu myaka yashize, twungukira ku izamuka ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu, umusaruro wa selile ether yo mu gihugu cyacu uzamuka uko umwaka utashye. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu gihugu, umwimerere ukenera gutumiza umubare munini wa selile yo mu rwego rwohejuru ya ether ubu ugenda umenya aho uherereye, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byo mu bwoko bwa selulose yo mu gihugu biriyongera. Amakuru yerekana ko kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ugushyingo 2020, Ubushinwa bwohereje toni 64,806 za selile ya selile, byiyongereyeho 14.2% umwaka ushize, hejuru ya 2019 yose.
Cellulose ether yibasiwe nigiciro cyo hejuru cya pamba
Ibikoresho fatizo byingenzi bya selile ya selile harimo ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’amashyamba, harimo ipamba inoze, n’ibicuruzwa bivura imiti, harimo na okiside ya propylene. Ibikoresho fatizo by'ipamba inoze ni cashmere ngufi, naho cashmere ngufi ikorerwa cyane cyane muri Shandong, Sinayi, Hebei na Jiangsu. Inkomoko yubwoya bw ipamba ni nyinshi cyane kandi ihagije.
Ipamba rifite uruhare runini muburyo bwubukungu bwubuhinzi bwibicuruzwa, kandi igiciro cyacyo kigira ingaruka kumiterere karemano nibitangwa mpuzamahanga nibisabwa. Muri ubwo buryo, okiside ya propylene, chloromethane nibindi bicuruzwa bivura imiti nabyo bigira ingaruka ku biciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga. Kubera ko ibikoresho fatizo bifite uruhare runini muburyo bwibiciro bya selile, ihindagurika ryibiciro fatizo bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kugurisha igiciro cya selile.
Kugirango uhangane nigitutu cyibiciro, abakora selile ya selile bakunze kwimurira ingufu mu nganda zo hasi, ariko ingaruka zo kwimura ziterwa ningorabahizi yibicuruzwa bya tekiniki, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye nurwego rwibiciro byibicuruzwa hamwe nagaciro kongerewe. Mubisanzwe, ibigo bifite inzitizi zubuhanga buhanitse, ibyiciro byibicuruzwa bikungahaye hamwe n’agaciro kongerewe bifite inyungu nyinshi kandi bizakomeza urwego rwinyungu rushimishije. Bitabaye ibyo, ibigo bigomba guhura nigitutu kinini. Byongeye kandi, niba ibidukikije byo hanze bidahindagurika kandi urwego rw’imihindagurikire y’ibicuruzwa ni runini, inganda z’ibanze zituruka mu mahanga zifite ubushake bwo guhitamo abakiriya bo hasi bafite umusaruro mwinshi n’imbaraga zikomeye, kugira ngo inyungu z’ubukungu ku gihe kandi zigabanye ingaruka. Kubwibyo, ibi bigabanya iterambere ryinganda ntoya ya selile ether yinganda kurwego runaka.
Cellulose ether ni ubwoko bwa polymer karemano ikomoka, ifite emulisifike nibiranga guhagarikwa. Mu bwoko bwinshi, hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ether ariyo HPMC numusaruro mwinshi, ukoreshwa cyane, umusaruro wiyongera vuba.
Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nikoranabuhanga, isoko ryo hasi ryibisabwa riragenda ryiyongera, kandi urwego rwo hasi rwateganijwe ruteganijwe kwaguka ubudahwema, kandi icyifuzo cyo hasi gikomeza iterambere rihamye. Mu isoko ryo hepfo yisoko ya selulose ether, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, gukuramo amavuta, ibiryo nindi mirima bifite umwanya wingenzi. Muri byo, urwego rwibikoresho byubaka nisoko rinini ryabaguzi, rirenga 30%.
Inganda zubaka nu murima munini wo gukoresha ibicuruzwa bya HPMC
Mu nganda zubaka, ibicuruzwa bya HPMC bigira uruhare runini, kubika amazi nizindi ngaruka. Nyuma yo kuvanga umubare muto wa HPMC na sima ya sima, ubukonje, ubukana hamwe nogukata imbaraga za sima ya sima, minisiteri na binder birashobora kwiyongera, kugirango tunoze imikorere yibikoresho byubwubatsi, bizamura ireme ryubwubatsi no gukora neza. Byongeye kandi, HPMC nayo idindiza cyane mu gukora no gutwara beto y’ubucuruzi, igira uruhare mu gufunga amazi no kuzamura imiterere y’imiterere ya beto. Kugeza ubu, HPMC nigicuruzwa cyingenzi cya selile ether ikoreshwa mukubaka ibikoresho bifunga kashe.
Inganda zubaka ninganda zingenzi zubukungu bwigihugu cyacu. Imibare irerekana ko ubuso bwubatswe bwamazu bwiyongereye buva kuri metero kare 7.08 muri 2010 bugera kuri metero kare 14.42 muri 2019, bituma iterambere ryisoko rya selulose ether.
Muri rusange iterambere ry’inganda zitimukanwa ryarazamutse, kandi ubwubatsi n’igurisha byazamutse uko umwaka utashye. Imibare rusange yerekana ko muri 2020, igabanuka rya buri mwaka-ku-mwaka mu gice gishya cy’imyubakire y’amazu y’ubucuruzi atuyemo gikomeje kugabanuka, kigabanuka 1.87% umwaka ushize, 2021 biteganijwe ko kizakomeza inzira yo gusana. Mu mezi abiri ya mbere yuyu mwaka, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’amazu y’ubucuruzi atuyemo wongeye kwiyongera kugera kuri 104.9%, kwiyongera kwubahwa.
Gucukura peteroli
Isoko rya serivisi zikora inganda zikora ibicuruzwa byibasiwe cyane nishoramari rya E&P kwisi yose, hafi 40% byumushinga wubushakashatsi ku isi wahariwe serivisi zubwubatsi.
Mugihe cyo gucukura peteroli no kuyibyaza umusaruro, amazi yo gucukura agira uruhare runini mugutwara no guhagarika chip, gushimangira inkuta zumwobo no kuringaniza umuvuduko wogukora, gukonjesha no gusiga bito, no guhererekanya ingufu za hydrodinamike. Kubwibyo, mubikorwa byo gucukura amavuta, ni ngombwa cyane kubungabunga ubuhehere bukwiye, ubwiza, amazi n’ibindi bipimo byerekana amazi. Cellulose ya polyanionic, cyangwa PAC, irashobora kubyimba, gusiga amavuta, no kwimura ingufu za hydrodynamic. Bitewe nuburyo bugoye bwa geologiya yububiko bwa peteroli hamwe ningorabahizi yo gucukura, hari umubare munini wa PAC ukoresha.
Uruganda rukora imiti
Ether ya ionic selulose ethers ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bya farumasi nkibikoresho bya farumasi, nkibibyimbye, ibitatanya, emulisiferi nabakora firime. Ikoreshwa mugukata firime no gufatira ibinini bivura imiti, kandi irashobora no gukoreshwa muguhagarika, gutegura amaso, ibinini bireremba nibindi. Bitewe nibisabwa cyane kubijyanye nubuziranenge nubwiza bwibicuruzwa bivura imiti ya selulose ether, inzira yo gukora iragoye kandi uburyo bwo gukaraba buragoye. Ugereranije nibindi bicuruzwa bya selulose ether, igipimo cyo gukusanya kiri hasi, igiciro cyumusaruro kiri hejuru, ariko ibicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro nabyo biri hejuru. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu bya farumasi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutegura imiti y’imiti, imiti y’ipatanti y’Abashinwa, ibinyabuzima n’ibinyabuzima n’ibindi bicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu bya farumasi.
Kubera ko uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya farumasi rwatangiye bitinze, urwego rusange rwiterambere ruri hasi muri iki gihe, uburyo bwinganda bugomba kurushaho kunozwa. Mu bicuruzwa biva mu miti y’imbere mu gihugu, agaciro k’imyambarire y’imiti yo mu rugo kangana na 2% -3%, ibyo bikaba biri hasi cyane ugereranije n’ibikomoka ku miti y’amahanga (hafi 15%). Birashobora kugaragara ko haracyari umwanya munini wo guteza imbere imiti ivura imiti yo murugo, biteganijwe ko izatera imbere iterambere ryisoko rya selireose ether.